diff --git a/css/app.css b/css/app.css
index dec1b0acf5311010026f7760bc500da235317fe2..199134d6c4286cb0553b5b82a0668aa804f3ebc7 100644
--- a/css/app.css
+++ b/css/app.css
@@ -4968,12 +4968,14 @@ table.hover tr:nth-of-type(even):hover {
content: ""; }
code {
- font-size: 0.8em; }
+ font-size: 0.8em;
+ background-color: #fafafa;
+ border: 1px solid #eee; }
div.sourceCode {
line-height: 1;
- border: 1px #cacaca solid;
- background-color: #f7f7f7;
+ border: 1px solid #eee;
+ background-color: #fafafa;
margin-bottom: 0.625rem;
overflow-x: auto; }
div.sourceCode pre {
@@ -5152,3 +5154,6 @@ figcaption {
width: 100%; }
.text-left-medium {
text-align: left; } }
+
+figure {
+ text-align: center; }
diff --git a/images/posts/gentoo-partitions.svg b/images/posts/gentoo-partitions.svg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..abc71b0688c4e7614d2789ec2796eb1a8236004d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/images/posts/gentoo-partitions.svg
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
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diff --git a/posts/2016-03-13-first-impressions-on-gentoo.md b/posts/2016-03-13-first-impressions-on-gentoo.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7636456bb1fc0d3484f17073ff97ea603cd35626
--- /dev/null
+++ b/posts/2016-03-13-first-impressions-on-gentoo.md
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+---
+title: First Impressions on Using Gentoo
+date: Sun Mar 13 16:01:00 EDT 2016
+author: Eduardo Trujillo
+uuid: c6dbbd2f-4e46-469f-82c6-a3a259fe7ca7
+---
+
+
+
+Not too long ago I left OS X and installed Fedora on my laptop. Now, over the
+past few days, I've been working on bootstrapping a Gentoo install from within
+my Fedora setup.
+
+Unlike other Linux distributions, [Gentoo](https://gentoo.org) does not have an
+installer. It is expected that you setup and install the system yourself. Yes.
+It is tedious and definitely takes longer than following a setup wizard, but on
+the other hand you gain some knowledge on how Linux works and end up with a
+custom system.
+
+The learning factor was what convinced me to give Gentoo a try.
+
+Given the particular route I decided to take, the
+[Gentoo Handbook](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:Main_Page) only helped
+on certain parts of the process. On a normal setup, you start with a live
+image of Gentoo containing just enough tools to install the system. It is also
+assumed that you will start with an empty disk or one that you don't mind
+erasing.
+
+On my case, I have an SSD that has a Fedora and OS X partitions, which are both
+encrypted using each operating system's built-in encryption methods. The Linux
+side consisted of a
+[LUKS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_Unified_Key_Setup) partition
+containing a
+[LVM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_Volume_Manager_%28Linux%29) setup.
+
+Thus, the first step was to figure out how to make space for Gentoo while also
+avoid breaking the existing systems. Having LVM setup, certainly helped here.
+I shrunk my Fedora root (`/`) while keeping my home partition (`/home`) intact.
+
+
+
+After that was done, I created a new partition for the root Gentoo filesystem
+and followed the section of the handbook on how to download the _Stage3_
+archive and chrooting into the environment.
+
+Once, chroot-ed, you can sort of begin using Gentoo and install packages using
+Portage. You can even run X programs if you have an X server running on the
+host. However, the goal here was to also boot into Gentoo directly. A chroot-ed
+environment meant that the system is still running using the Fedora kernel.
+A big part of installing Gentoo is building your own kernel and then rebooting
+into it.
+
+Building a bootable kernel wasn't too hard. I installed the kernel sources
+using Portage, configured it using `make menuconfig`, and compiled it. Once it
+was finished. I copied over to my `/boot` partition so that GRUB could find it.
+
+A few test boots showed that the system was booting correctly (and very fast
+too). Unfortunately, once booted nothing happened because the disk partition
+is encrypted using LUKS.
+
+Getting LUKS and LVM to work was bit painful due to how long it took me to find
+a working solution.
+
+My initial attempt resulted in me trying to setup an _initramfs_ using Fedora's
+`dracut` tool, which was available on the Gentoo repository and mentioned in
+many guides on the distribution's wiki. It seemed logical given that it was the
+same tool being used by the Fedora install, so getting it to work with Gentoo
+should have only consisted of building a similar image but pointing to the
+Gentoo partition.
+
+That did not work out well. I was simply not able to get past the disk
+unlocking and mounting process. I think it may have been just trying to make
+many things work together: EFI, `systemd`, `plymouth`, `cryptsetup`, and `lvm`.
+
+So, I continued with the other option presented by the Gentoo wiki,
+`genkernel`. This is a tool used to automate the process of building a kernel
+in Gentoo, but it also supports automatically building an initramfs. I
+initially tried to avoid it given that I wanted to build the kernel myself as a
+learning exercise. However, after installing it, I was pleased to find that
+building an initramfs did not involved building a kernel with `genkernel`.
+
+A few key things to enable on my setup was the LUKS and LVM options on
+`/etc/genkernel.conf`, and adding `dolvm` to my kernel command line on GRUB.
+
+_BAM!_ It booted, asked for my password, and dropped my into a login shell.
+
+I still had to go back to Fedora and `chroot` a couple of more times until I
+got the right network drivers compiled. It was nice to find out that plugging
+in a Thunderbolt Ethernet adapter worked and did not crashed the kernel like it
+does on Fedora.
+
+Another thing I didn't realize immediately was that the `genkernel` initramfs
+does not use `systemd` by default, so I had to add that to the kernel command
+line too.
+
+Then I continued to install software and drivers, but this time from within
+Gentoo. GNOME took a good 4-6 hours to compile, mainly due to WebKit taking so
+long.
+
+Once I started GDM, NetworkManager, and the bluetooth service using
+`systemctl`, I finally felt like I had a fully working system on my hands.
+
+Everything worked, except one major peripheral, the trackpad: Apparently, the
+`usbhid` driver was claiming the device before the right driver, so the
+keyboard worked, but the trackpad was dead.
+
+After a few hours of debugging, I gave up and decided to try compiling the
+latest kernel available (_4.4.4 vs 4.1.15_), and after rebooting the trackpad
+began working, including multitouch support!
+
+Lastly, I switched from X to Wayland, given that X had an odd issue with some
+letters not rendering after the laptop came back from sleep. Adding Wayland
+support simply consisted of adding `wayland wayland-compositor xwayland egl` to
+my `USE` flags, and then recompiled the affected packages. After another
+reboot, "GNOME on Wayland" appeared as an option on the GDM login screen.
+
+## Summary
+
+In general, I think I'm happy with my current build and will attempt to use it
+as my main driver for the next few weeks. If it turns out to not have any major
+issues, I'll remove my fedora partition to clear up some space.
+
+### The good
+
+- **Worked, almost, out-of-the-box**: I was surprised by the amount of hardware
+that simply just worked out of the box by enabling the right kernel modules:
+GPU, Keyboard, Sound, Lid, Keyboard Backlight, Mic, Media Keys, USB,
+Thunderbolt.
+- **Needed some extra work:** Wi-Fi, Trackpad.
+- **Closing the laptop actually puts it to sleep.** No workarounds needed like
+in Fedora. Wayland is slightly better at this since it doesn't turn on the
+screen for a few seconds while closed like Xorg does.
+- Power consumptions seems to be slightly better than Fedora, especially after
+enabling all the toggles on `powertop`.
+- The system boots really fast. Around, maybe, 20-40 seconds from GRUB to GDM?
+- The Gentoo repositories are generally closer to upstream than other
+distributions, and I'm also growing to like Portage's `USE` keyword feature.
+- Learned a lot about how modern Linux systems are setup.
+
+### The bad
+
+- It's not for everyone. Many users probably just want an OS that works out of
+the box.
+- The compile time of some packages can be very long (I'm looking at you
+WebKit).
+- Many commercial software packages are only distributed as `deb`s or `rpm`s.
diff --git a/posts/2016-04-08-networkmanager-vpn.md b/posts/2016-04-08-networkmanager-vpn.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0c571534d81289370f90c3c6528a4c1576c67d79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/posts/2016-04-08-networkmanager-vpn.md
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+---
+title: Automatically connecting to VPNs using NetworkManager
+date: Fri April 08 16:01:00 EDT 2016
+author: Eduardo Trujillo
+uuid: 2bdc6147-c228-47f2-8b5f-8f71915a5ea4
+---
+
+Coming from OS X, I've grown accustomed to [Tunnelblick][tb], which is one of
+the best OpenVPN clients for the platform. It is not perfect and there are many
+commercial offerings out there that have a much nicer user interface, however
+Tunnelblick gets the job done and it's open source.
+
+On Linux, the story is a bit different. Most distributions come with
+[NetworkManager][nm], which is, as the name implies, a daemon for managing
+network connections. For most systems, it is the component that takes care of
+connecting to Wi-Fi networks, setting up an Ethernet connection when you plug
+in the cable, and even 3G/4G modems.
+
+NetworkManager has support for plugins, which has led it to support many VPN
+protocols, [including OpenVPN][nmo]!
+
+<div class="callout-quote">
+...it was pleasant to find that it not only is integrated with the main
+networking daemon, but it also supported on the UI-side...
+</div>
+
+When trying to figure out how to setup an OpenVPN client on Linux, it was
+pleasant to find that it not only is integrated with the main networking
+daemon, but it also supported on the UI-side, where most settings can be
+tweaked.
+
+However, Tunnelblick still had something I couldn't find how to do using
+NetworkManager alone: Connecting to the VPN automatically and reconnecting on
+cases where the connection is dropped.
+
+For me, this is a _must have_ feature for VPN clients, given that I tend to
+roam a lot with my laptop and can't remember to connect every time it connects
+to a new network.
+
+Some initial digging led me to an [Arch Linux wiki page][alp] describing how to
+write a script which sort-of achieves what I'm looking for. However, the
+approach seemed brittle and insecure, due to the fact that you have to make the
+connection available to other users on the system, and in some cases write
+connection secrets in plaintext.
+
+After a while, I attempted to start writing a small daemon that would monitor
+D-Bus and respond to NetworkManager events by determining if a VPN connection
+should be started or stopped. An initial version was capable of determining if
+the VPN connection is active. However, due to lack of free time to work on it
+and the complexity of keeping track of the state of the machine, I decided to
+put it on hold.
+
+While working on this project, I did discover that NetworkManager does have
+some of this functionality built-in. It turns out you can specify a VPN to
+connect to as a requirement for some connections to succeed:
+
+
+
+On Gentoo, this configuration can be accessed using `nm-connection-editor`,
+which can be installed using the `gnome-extra/nm-applet` package.
+
+This is working great so far, but it does required some manual configuration
+for every new connection you setup, which can be annoying if you roam through
+many Wi-Fi networks.
+
+In the future, I might resume work on the D-Bus approach in order to automate
+this a bit more. I would love it if my laptop simply did not trust any network
+and automatically attempted to connect to a VPN. It would also be nice if this
+is only attempted after a hotspot login is shown. For now, however, this should
+be enough.
+
+[tb]: https://github.com/Tunnelblick/Tunnelblick
+[nm]: https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/NetworkManager/
+[nmo]: https://packages.gentoo.org/packages/net-misc/networkmanager-openvpn
+[alp]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/NetworkManager#Use_dispatcher_to_connect_to_a_VPN_after_a_network_connection_is_established
diff --git a/scss/_code.scss b/scss/_code.scss
index b0ef18b9484fcc7da4073f5bd50f716571fee58d..f663db97ca74c1d7d0b307baaac1a54a53a86228 100644
--- a/scss/_code.scss
+++ b/scss/_code.scss
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
code {
font-size: 0.8em;
+ background-color: #fafafa;
+ border: 1px solid #eee;
}
div.sourceCode {
line-height: 1;
- border: 1px $medium-gray solid;
- background-color: scale-color($medium-gray, $lightness: 85%);
+ border: 1px solid #eee;
+ background-color: #fafafa;
margin-bottom: rem-calc(10);
overflow-x: auto;
diff --git a/scss/app.scss b/scss/app.scss
index d45ca07cd64b46a2757616a64f9c36e1f0b3fe9f..8eca4af028f955a5f79f2398cc2552ae184980e1 100644
--- a/scss/app.scss
+++ b/scss/app.scss
@@ -124,3 +124,7 @@ figcaption {
text-align: left;
}
}
+
+figure {
+ text-align: center;
+}